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Career Planning

Career meeting

ODP Career Development Framework

A structured pathway for Operating Department Practitioners aligned to NHS Agenda for Change pay bands, Standard, Enhanced, and Advanced practice levels, and the four pillars of practice. (Note there may be some variation regionally and within the Private, Voluntary and Independent sector).

The Four Pillars of Practice

  • Clinical Practice

    Direct patient care, clinical skills, decision-making, and professional accountability across perioperative settings.

  • Leadership & Management

    Team leadership, service improvement, operational management, and strategic contribution to perioperative services.

  • Education & Training

    Teaching, mentorship, facilitating learning, and supporting the development of students and colleagues.

  • Research & Evidence

    Using, generating, and applying evidence to improve clinical practice, safety, and service quality.

Career Pathway

  • Perioperative Support Worker

    Pre-registration

    Provides support to registered practitioners across perioperative settings under direct supervision. Assists with patient care, equipment, and stock management.

    • Clinical Practice

      Assists with patient positioning, equipment preparation, and stock management. Performs delegated tasks under supervision. Maintains basic knowledge of infection prevention and patient safety.

    • Leadership & Management 

      Follows trust policies and procedures. Reports concerns to a registered practitioner. Contributes to a safe working environment.

    • Education & Training

      Engages in mandatory training and induction. Begins to develop underpinning knowledge of perioperative practice.

    • Research & Evidence

      Follows evidence-based protocols and guidelines as directed by registered practitioners.

  • Apprentice ODP

    Undertaking an approved ODP Apprenticeship programme. Works under supervision with increasing independence across scrub, anaesthetics, and recovery. Band placement may vary according to individual employment contract and organisation. 

    • Clinical Practice

      Developing clinical skills across all three perioperative domains. Applies theoretical knowledge to practice under supervision, working toward full competence as set out in the apprenticeship standard and HCPC Standards of Proficiency.

    • Leadership & Management

      Develops awareness of team roles and service structure. Demonstrates an awareness of professional accountability, scope of practice and the HCPC Standards of Proficiency. Engages with trust policies, governance, and patient safety frameworks.

    • Education & Training

      Actively engaged in academic study and work-based learning. Reflects on clinical practice and engages with practice educator supervision and academic tutors throughout the apprenticeship.

    • Research & Evidence

      Engages with evidence-based practice through academic modules. Applies skills in critical appraisal by evaluating sources of information and data as part of the apprenticeship programme and understands the application of evidence to perioperative practice.  

  • Student ODP

    Undertaking an approved BSc (Hons) Operating Department Practice programme at a higher education institution. Completes a combination of academic study and supervised clinical placements across scrub, anaesthetics, and recovery. Not employed by the NHS in a substantive capacity during training, though some students may hold a support worker role alongside their studies. 

    • Clinical Practice

      Developing clinical skills across all three perioperative domains. Applies theoretical knowledge to practice under supervision. Applies theoretical knowledge to practice placements, working toward the HCPC Standards of Proficiency.

    • Leadership & Management

      Develops awareness of team roles and service structure. Demonstrates an awareness of professional accountability, scope of practice and the HCPC Standards of Proficiency. Engages with trust policies, governance, and patient safety frameworks during placement.

    • Education & Training

      Actively engaged in academic study and practice-based learning. Reflects on practice and engages with practice educator supervision and academic tutors throughout the programme.

    • Research & Evidence

      Engages with evidence-based practice through academic modules. Applies skills in critical appraisal by evaluating sources of information and data as part of the undergraduate curriculum and understands the application of evidence to perioperative practice.

  • Assistant / Associate Practitioner

    Works within the perioperative team with a defined and developing scope of practice. Undertakes delegated clinical tasks with increasing independence under the oversight of a registered ODP. Typically holds or is working toward a Foundation Degree or equivalent Level 5 qualification.

    • Clinical Practice

      Performs defined clinical tasks within an agreed scope under the oversight of a registered practitioner. Developing competence across perioperative domains. Understands and applies principles of patient safety, infection prevention, and equipment management.

    • Leadership & Management

      Understands own accountability and scope of practice. Contributes constructively to the theatre team. Escalates concerns appropriately to a registered practitioner. Adheres to trust policies and HCPC delegated practice principles.

    • Education & Training

      Engaged in formal study toward a recognised qualification. Participates in workplace learning, mandatory training, and competency assessment. May begin to support the orientation of newer support workers.

    • Research & Evidence

      Applies evidence-based practice principles within their scope. Engages with quality improvement activities as directed. Developing awareness of how research and audit underpin safe perioperative care.

  • Operating Department Practitioner

    Qualified and HCPC registered. Competent autonomous practitioner delivering safe, patient-centred care across scrub, anaesthetics, and recovery without supervision.

    • Clinical Practice

      Autonomous practitioner across all core perioperative domains. Applies clinical judgement within defined scope. Recognises and escalates deteriorating patients. Maintains HCPC registration and CPD.

    • Leadership & Management

      Acts as a responsible professional. Contributes to team effectiveness. Supports safe staffing and handover. Begins to take on shift coordination responsibilities.

    • Education & Training

      Supports students and less experienced staff as a workplace supervisor. Participates in departmental training and competency assessment.

    • Research & Evidence

      Critically engages with relevant guidelines (AAGBI, AFPP, NICE). Applies evidence to daily clinical decisions. Identifies areas for quality improvement. 

  • Senior ODP

    An experienced, autonomous ODP who has gained enhanced skills, expertise, and depth of knowledge within a defined scope of practice. Adapts practice to meet the needs of complex patients and contributes to complex care pathways, within the perioperative environment and beyond. Aligned to the NHS England AHP Enhanced Level Practice Schema for ODPs (2024) and the Enhanced Clinical Practitioner Apprenticeship Standard.

    "Experienced registered professionals who undertake complex work and manage day-to-day risk… occupying a space before advanced practice in the management of complexity and uncertainty."
    - NHS England, Enhanced Level Practice

    Practice settings at this level include:

    Operating Theatre (Specialist), Critical Care / ICU, Emergency Department, Pre-operative Assessment, Interventional Radiology, Independent / Private Sector, Resuscitation Services, Transplant & Retrieval, Imaging Units, Intra/Inter-hospital Transfers

    • Clinical Practice

      Provides complex, evidence-based, person-centred care within and beyond the perioperative environment. Applies anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology to undertake holistic patient assessments. Manages complex and unpredictable situations autonomously, identifying and acting on signs of patient deterioration. Delivers enhanced care across specialist areas (e.g. cardiac surgery, major trauma, paediatrics, regional anaesthesia, critical care, emergency airway management). Champions new ways of working and widens ODP practice into diverse care settings.

    • Leadership & Management

      Acts as a confident, inclusive leader and positive role model within the MDT. Leads clinical areas, coordinates theatre lists, and manages junior staff. Uses evidence-based approaches to advocate for and lead operational and transformational change. Contributes to business cases, service improvement proposals, and departmental governance. Plans and prioritises resources efficiently and manages risk to patient safety in unpredictable environments.

    • Education & Training

      Acts as an expert educational resource for specialist and non-specialist audiences. Designs, delivers, and evaluates practice-based education using evidence-based teaching and learning theories. Provides formal supervision, coaching, mentoring, and preceptorship. Conducts training needs analysis. Supports students and newly qualified ODPs as practice assessor.

    • Research & Evidence

      Appraises research design and audit techniques to evaluate and improve practice. Systematically searches, gathers, and critically appraises evidence to inform clinical decision-making. Leads or contributes to audit, quality improvement, and service evaluation projects. Contributes to local guideline and policy development.

    Enhanced Level Practice aligned to: NHS England AHP Enhanced Level Practice Schemas with Model Curricula (2024). The enhanced practice descriptors for ODPs reflect the ten Enhanced Level Practice domains across the four pillars, as set out in the NHS England schema developed in collaboration with the College of Operating Department Practitioners, academic education institutions, and ODP workforce stakeholders.

  • Advanced ODP / Clinical Lead

    Masters-level practitioner operating with a high degree of autonomy. Recognised as an Advanced Clinical Practitioner (ACP) or clinical specialist. May hold formal leadership or management responsibility.

    • Clinical Practice

      Advanced Clinical Practice aligned to NHS England Multi-Professional Framework. Assesses, diagnoses, and manages patients within agreed scope. Holds or working toward Masters-level ACP qualification.

    • Leadership & Management

      Operational or clinical leadership responsibility (Clinical Lead, Theatre Coordinator, Service Manager). Drives service transformation. Contributes to directorate-level strategic planning.

    • Education & Training

      Provides formal education at post-registration level. Acts as practice educator or academic link. Designs programmes and competency frameworks. May hold visiting lecturer role.

    • Research & Evidence

      Leads service-level research, audit, and QI. Publishes or presents regionally. Contributes to guideline development at trust or network level. Promotes evidence-based culture. 

  • Consultant ODP

    Expert practitioner and strategic leader operating at system level. Shapes policy, education, and the profession. Aligned to the NHS AHP Consultant framework.

    • Clinical Practice

      Recognised expert with highly specialist clinical portfolio. Provides expert consultation across teams and organisations. Holds highly specialist clinical privileges within agreed scope. Supports clinical governance at board or network level.

    • Leadership & Management

      Professional and strategic leadership across trust or system. Influences workforce planning and service redesign. Represents the profession in regional or national forums.

    • Education & Training

      Leadership for education at organisational or national level. Contributes to curriculum development. Holds formal roles with HCPC, CoP, or CODP. Mentors advanced and consultant-level practitioners.

    • Research & Evidence

      Leads original research with national or international impact. Publishes peer-reviewed work. Holds grants or fellowship positions. Shapes national policy (NICE, NHS England programmes).

Meet the Professionals: Part 1

Enhanced Practice in Action - Case Study Examples

Real-world examples of Band 6 ODPs working in extended and specialist settings beyond the operating theatre.

  • Critical Care / ICU

    Background: Sarah qualified as an ODP in 2017 and worked in a busy district general hospital theatre department, developing specialist competence in anaesthetics and complex airway management. In 2022, she moved into a Band 6 role in the hospital's level 2 critical care unit. 

    Role: Sarah works within the critical care MDT supporting the management of ventilated and critically ill patients. She uses her advanced airway skills for intubation support, tracheostomy care, and weaning management alongside ICU nurses and intensivists. She coordinates patient transfers for imaging and inter-hospital repatriation, applying her skills in maintaining a safe environment for ventilated patients during transit. 

    Enhanced practice in action: Sarah leads a rolling competency programme for nurses and ODPs new to critical care airway management. She has contributed to a trust-wide audit on tracheostomy complication rates and used the findings to update the unit's standardised care bundle. She is currently completing a postgraduate module in critical care to further develop her clinical knowledge base. 

    Pillars demonstrated: Clinical Practice (complex airway, risk management), Leadership (MDT contribution, transfer coordination), Education (competency programme design), Research (audit, care bundle development).

  • Pre-operative Assessment

    Background: Priya qualified as an ODP in 2014 and built broad experience across all three perioperative phases, including a special interest in patient safety and optimisation. In 2021 she moved into a Band 6 enhanced practice role within the trust's pre-operative assessment service. 

    Role: Priya reviews patients independently prior to surgery, taking focused histories and assessing fitness for anaesthesia. She identifies patients who need anaesthetic review or onward referral and initiates optimisation pathways for patients with complex comorbidities including diabetes, obesity, and cardiorespiratory disease. 

    Enhanced practice in action: Priya has redesigned the trust's pre-assessment pathway for elective colorectal surgery, contributing to a reduction in day-of-surgery cancellations due to inadequate optimisation. A key part of this work has been her contribution to the development and running of the colorectal enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programme — she attends the ERAS MDT, contributes to patient education sessions on what to expect before, during, and after surgery, and helps audit adherence to the ERAS bundle across the colorectal surgical pathway. 

    Pillars demonstrated: Clinical Practice (independent assessment, patient optimisation), Leadership (pathway redesign, ERAS MDT contribution), Education (patient education), Research (ERAS bundle audit, data-driven improvement).

  • Independent / Private Sector

    Background: James qualified as an ODP in 2013 and spent several years developing specialist scrub skills across orthopaedics, gynaecology, and general surgery in an NHS trust. In 2020 he moved to a private hospital where he works as a senior scrub ODP and Surgical First Assistant (SFA), a role recognised by the Royal College of Surgeons and the Association for Perioperative Practice (AfPP). 

    Role: James works directly with consultant surgeons as their primary scrub practitioner across a range of elective procedures, and acts as Surgical First Assistant for listed cases. In his SFA capacity he provides surgical assistanceunder the direct supervision of the operating surgeon — including tissue retraction, wound closure, diathermy, and maintaining the operative field — while holding full accountability for his own actions within his defined scope of practice. He also coordinates the theatre team, ensuring safety standards, WHO checklist compliance, and smooth list management. 

    Enhanced practice in action: James has developed a local SFA competency and supervision framework for the hospital, drawing on the AfPP SFA Competency Toolkit and RCS curriculum. He provides mentorship to Band 5 ODPs developing their scrub skills and delivers structured orientation to new theatre staff. He contributes to the hospital's clinical governance process, presenting case reviews and near-miss data at the monthly theatre safety meeting. 

    Pillars demonstrated: Clinical Practice (specialist scrub, surgical first assistance, operative field management), Leadership (theatre coordination, safety and governance contribution), Education (SFA competency framework, mentorship), Research (case review, near-miss analysis, governance reporting).

  • Resuscitation Services

    Background: Donna worked as an ODP for eight years, specialising in emergency anaesthesia and trauma. Her expertise in airway management and cardiac arrest response led her to transition into a Resuscitation Officer role, where her ODP skill set is applied in a hospital-wide capacity. The resuscitation officer role is often a Band 6–7 transitional role — once qualified as an ALS instructor, progression to Band 7 is a common and recognised pathway. 

    Role: Donna responds to in-hospital cardiac arrests as a first responder and leads the whole cardiac arrest team — directing team roles, coordinating interventions, and supporting junior doctors in developing their team-leading skills. She attends paediatric and neonatal emergencies across the trust and is involved in the full range of medical emergency response. She is responsible for delivering ALS, ILS, BLS, PILS, and EPALS training to clinical staff at all grades, and manages the resuscitation equipment audit programme across the trust. 

    Enhanced practice in action: Donna has redesigned the trust's mandatory resuscitation training programme using simulation-based methodology and blended learning principles. She runs regular post-arrest debriefs and in situ simulation exercises on clinical wards to build confidence and skills in staff who may rarely encounter a cardiac arrest. She represents the resuscitation service at a range of trust-wide forums including the End of Life committee, the Deteriorating Patient Group, and the National Cardiac Arrest Audit meetings. She contributes to the Resuscitation Council UK's regional training network and has co-authored the trust's post-resuscitation care policy. 

    Pillars demonstrated: Clinical Practice (cardiac arrest team leadership, paediatric and neonatal emergencies, advanced airway), Leadership (trust-wide committee representation, policy authorship, junior doctor development), Education (ALS/ILS/PILS/EPALS delivery, in situ simulation, debrief facilitation), Research (National Cardiac Arrest Audit, training outcomes evaluation).

  • Emergency Department

    Background: Chris worked in a busy trauma centre theatre department for seven years, developing expertise in damage control surgery, complex airway management, and major haemorrhage protocols. Following the trust's workforce review, a Band 6 ODP post was created in the emergency department to support the senior clinical team. 

    Role: Chris is embedded in the ED clinical team, working alongside emergency physicians and nurses to support procedural sedation, airway management for critically ill patients, preparation for emergency surgery, and care of major trauma patients. He uses his perioperative knowledge to bridge the theatre-ED interface — briefing surgical teams on incoming trauma cases, coordinating emergency theatre activation, and supporting damage control resuscitation in resus bays. 

    Enhanced practice in action: Chris developed a joint ED-theatre protocol for emergency airway management that has been adopted trust-wide. He delivers regular simulation-based trauma training for junior ED doctors and nursing staff. He is currently completing a postgraduate certificate in Emergency and Acute Care to formalise his enhanced practice. His work has been shared at a regional perioperative care network event as an example of ODP workforce innovation. 

    Pillars demonstrated: Clinical Practice (procedural sedation, airway management, major trauma), Leadership (pathway development, theatre coordination), Education (simulation training, junior doctor teaching), Research (protocol evaluation, regional dissemination).

  • Trauma Services

    Background: Rachel qualified as an ODP in 2012 and spent several years working in a major trauma centre, developing specialist expertise across orthopaedic, spinal, and damage control surgery. Her in-depth understanding of the trauma pathway, theatre systems, and MDT working led to her appointment as a Band 6 Trauma Coordinator, a role that sits at the interface between clinical practice and operational service management.

    Role: Rachel coordinates the trauma theatre list across the major trauma centre, working alongside orthopaedic and general surgical consultants, anaesthetists, ward teams, and the emergency department to plan, prioritise, and schedule trauma cases in line with clinical urgency and BOAST guidelines. She attends the daily trauma meeting, contributes to decision-making around case prioritisation, and liaises with theatres, ITU, and wards to ensure patients are optimised and ready for surgery. She maintains an overview of theatre capacity and escalates delays or patient safety concerns through appropriate governance channels.

    Enhanced practice in action: Rachel has led a quality improvement project reviewing time-to-theatre for neck of femur fracture patients, identifying delays in the pre-operative pathway and working with the anaesthetic and orthopaedic teams to implement a streamlined admissions process. She has developed a local trauma coordination handbook and induction pack used across the department, and delivers regular teaching to new ODPs and theatre nurses on trauma list management and BOAST standards. She is an active member of the trust's trauma governance group and contributes to the morbidity and mortality review process.

    Pillars demonstrated: Clinical Practice (trauma pathway expertise, case prioritisation, patient safety oversight), Leadership (trauma meeting contribution, theatre capacity management, escalation), Education (trauma coordination handbook, induction teaching), Research (QI project, neck of femur pathway audit, M&M contribution).

Meet the Professionals: Part 2

Progression Principles

How ODPs grow, evidence development, and maintain professional registration across the career pathway.

  • Appraisal & Development Review

    Annual appraisal (NHS KSF / ESR) sets objectives aligned to the four pillars. Managers identify development needs and agree a Personal Development Plan (PDP) which may include study leave, formal courses, competency sign-off, or rotation opportunities. Mid-year reviews track progress. Appraisal forms the foundation for banding progression, job re-evaluation, and pay increments.

  • Academic & Qualification Pathways

    Career progression is underpinned by qualifications at each level: BSc ODP (Band 5), PGCert / PGDip (Band 6–7), MSc / ACP qualification (Band 7), and doctoral-level study or fellowships (Band 8). Apprenticeship routes exist at multiple levels (Level 3 ODP, Level 5 Enhanced Clinical Practitioner, and Level 7 Advanced Clinical Practitioner). Knowledge Skills and Competence (KSC) frameworks align academic learning to clinical practice outcomes.

  • Portfolio of Evidence

    ODPs are encouraged to maintain a lifelong professional portfolio evidencing their development across the four pillars. Portfolio evidence includes reflective accounts, case-based discussions, peer feedback, supervision records, competency sign-offs, audit results, publications, conference presentations, and leadership outputs. Platforms such as Pebble Pad, OneFile, or NHS e-portfolios support structured portfolio development. Portfolios form the evidence base for promotion panels and HCPC renewal.

  • Preceptorship

    Newly qualified ODPs (Band 5) are supported by a structured preceptorship programme for the first 6–12 months following registration. Preceptorship provides a bridge between qualification and autonomous practice, building confidence and competence in a supported environment. The College of Operating Department Practitioners (CODP) Preceptorship Toolkit provides a structured framework. Preceptors are typically Band 6 or above and hold formal practice assessor training. Completion of preceptorship is formally recognised and recorded, and forms the basis for the Band 5 to Band 6 development conversation.

  • HCPC CPD Audit Cycle

    All HCPC-registered ODPs must meet the Standards of Continuing Professional Development (CPD) as a condition of renewal every two years. Approximately 2.5% of registrants are selected for CPD audit at each renewal cycle. Audited practitioners must provide a written profile demonstrating how their CPD has maintained, developed, and applied their skills and knowledge across a range of activities - including work-based learning, professional activity, formal education, self-directed learning, and other activities. Activities must be relevant to the practitioner's scope of practice and have benefited service users. Maintaining an up-to-date portfolio throughout the registration period ensures audit readiness at any time.

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